schmid and l



A. SCHVHD AND L. A. MERK.

CARBUHETER.

APPLICATION FILED l1uNE12. 1918.

1 ,325,999. Patented Dec. 23, 1919.

MLM-TM .A

/ ATTORNEY .maar ortica.

`ALBERT SCHMID, F LONG- BEACH, AND LAWRENCE AUGUST MERK, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.; SAID MERK .ASSIGNOR T0 SAID SCHMID.

CARBURETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 23, 1919.

Application filed .Tune 12, 1918. Serial N0. 239,687.

To yall whom it may concern: 4

Be it known that we, AIBERT SCHMID and LAWRENCE AUGUST MERK, citizens of the United States, and residents of Long Beach, L. I., and New York city, N. Y., respectively, have made a new and useful Invention in Carbureters, of which the following isA a specification.

. flammable fuel the readily inflammable fuel supply is cut out 'and the other cut in. It has been proposed to do this cutting in and cutting out automatically and we therefore make no claim to this broadly.

We have found that in using kerosene and other not readily inflammable fuels to obtain ,smokeless `operation the combustible mixture must enter the cylinders of the engine at arelatively high temperature when running at light loads or torques.' We have also found that to prevent spontaneous combustion in the cylinders when operating on heavy loads or heavy torques the. combustible mixture should enter the cyllnders at the lowest possible temperature consistent with smokeless operation and this samerequirement prevails for obtaining maximum output of a given engine. It has been heretofore proposed to pass all or a part of the exhaust gases through a heating chamber surrounding the carbureter for'the purpose of heating the same and it has further been proposed to control theV iiow of exhaust gases through 4 this heating chamber by means of a valve connected up to the throttle valve of the carbureter so as to operate in sychronism therewith. We have found, however, that by operating this `valve in the by-pass around the heatlng chamber by means dependent upon the pressure or vacuum in the engine inlet manifold a much more satisfactory operation can be obtained and we have found that by controlling and operating the mechanism for shifting from one fuel to the other automatically by means ofl a thermostatic device subjected to the temperatures of the carbureter operating in conjunction with the device for automatically controlling the flow of exhaust' vgases through the carbureter heating chamber in accordance with the pressure or vacuum in the engine inlet manifold we are enabled to provide `a device by means of which an eng1ne may be quickly and readily started and operated through all of its. varying loads without smoke or objectionable deposits.

An object of this invention is to provide in a two fuel charge forming device in conjunction with means for automatically cutting in one fuel and cutting out the otherA and vice versa, means operating in accordance with the changes in pressure in the engme inlet manifold for regulating the temperature of the charge forming device.

A further object is to provide means for visibly indicating the time of change from one fuel to the other.

These, as well as other objects which will readilyappear to those skilled in this art, we attain by means of the device illustrated in the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this application.v

In the drawings Figure l is a more or less diagrammatic view partially in section and partially in elevation of a device or system Vembodying this invention andFig. 2 is a diagrammatic view of the means for visibly indicating the time of change from one fuel to the other in the system. The device primarily consists of a carbureter having a fuel nozzle 3 alternately 'supplied with fuel from float chambers'l and 5, an air inlet 6 controlled by means of a valve 7, a Venturi choke tube 8 and amixture passa e 9 connected with the inlet manifold l() o an internal combustion engine and controlled bymeans of a throttle valve 1l which through lever 12 and suitable connections is under the control of the engine operator.

A supplemental air valve 13 admits supplemental air to mixture passage 9.

Float chamber 4 by means of a suitable pipe 14 is connected up to a source of kerosene supply not shown while float chamber 5 by means of a pipe 15 is connected up to a source of supply of gasolene not shown. The effective area of fuel nozzle 3 is controlled by means of a needle valve 16.

The outletv 17 of float chamber 4 is 00nmounted on a piston 19 slidable in a bore formed for its reception Within the base portion of the carbureter. A spring 20 surrounding the stem of the needle valve tends to yieldingly hold the same from its seat.

Outlet 21 from float chamber 5 is controlled by means of a needle valve 22 carried on a plunger 23 slidable in a bore formed for its reception in an upright extension of the carbureter base. A spring 24 surrounds stem of needle valve 22 and tends to yieldingly force it from its seat.

A rocking lever 26 pivoted to the body of the carbureter at 27 is provided with cupped ends 28 and 29 which stand in line with the upper ends of valves 18 and 22 so that as one valve is depressed and seated the other valve will be unseated by its spring. One arm of lever 26 is connected to a lever 30 by means of a connecting link 32. Lever 30 is pivoted to the carbureter body at 31. A spring 33 secured to the carbureter body at 34 connects with the upper end of connecting link 32 and tends to close valve 22. A lever 35 pivoted to the carbureter body bears against an adjustment pin 36 carried by lever 3() and between lever 35 and an abutment lug 37 a quartz rod 38 is positioned. This quartz rod with the carbureter body and the levers and links forms the thermostatic device for automatically controlling and operating the two fuel valves.

Lever 26 is connected up to one side of a battery 39 by means of line 40 and contact member 43 is connected up to the other side of the battery by means of line 41 in which a switch 42 is interposed. Line 41 is provided with a contact member 43 and lever 26 is provided with a contact member 44. A bulb 45 positioned at some convenient lace Within the vision of the operator Wil provided switch 42 is closed, glow when valve 22 is opened thus visibly indicating the time duringwhich gasolene Vis bein-g used. As soon as valve 22 is closed the connection between contacts 43 and 44 will be broken. Since the time when gasolene is being used is shorter than the time when kerosene is being used it is preferable, although not necessary, to have lamp 45 indicate by glowing when valve 22 -is opened.

A jacket 50 surrounds the major portion of the carbureter and provides a heating chamber 51 connected up to the exhaust manifold 52 of the engine by means of an exhaust pipe 53. Heating chamber 51 also connects with exhaust pipe 54 from the engine by means of a pipe 55. Exhaust pipe 54 is provided with a valve device for controlling its effective area and this device consists of a balanced valve 56 the stem 57 of which connects with apiston 58 mounted for reciprocation in a cylinder 59. End

'60 of said cylinder is open to atmospheric pressure through a port 61 and end 62 is subjected to the pressure within inlet manifold 10 through a pipe connection 63. A spring 64 located in end 62 4of cylinder 59 tends to yieldingly hold valve 56 open while atmospheric pressure entering through port 61 when the pressure within the inlet manifold is below atmospheric pressure tends to close valve 56.

During light loads and when starting, throttle valve 1l will be nearly closed and therefore valve 56 will be closed owing to the difference between atmospheric pressure and the pressure or the vacuum Within the inlet manifold and all of the exhaust gases will pass through pipe '53 and heating chamber 51. As the throttle 11 is opened the pressure in the inlet manifold will increase and valve 56 by means of spring 64 will be partially o-pened thereby passing a portion of the exhaust gases around heating chamber 51. In starting when the carbureter is cold, gasolene will 4be admitted as the fuel and the exhaust gases will quickly heat the carbureter and when hot the gasolene will be shut off. After having once started on gasolene thegasolene will merely come into occasional use as the carbureter in itself will store considerable heat, sufficient to vaporize the heavy fuel and the hot carbureter will keep the thermostatic device from shifting from heavy to light fuel.

It has been found in actual use that after the engine has been started on gasolene it rarely comes into use again until after a long period of rest. Valve 56 controls the heat so that during widely varying loads the carbureter is maintained at a temperature sufficient to care for the heavy fuel.

Having thus described our invention, what We claim is- 1. In a charge forming device for internal combustion engines, means for alternately supplying the same with different liquid fuels and means for indicating-the change from one to the other of said fuels.

2. In a charge forming device for internal combustion engines, means for alterf nately supplying same with different liquid fuels and means for visibly indicating the change from one to the other of said fuels.

3. In a charge forming device for internal combustion engines, means for alternately supplying the same with different liquid fuels and means operated electrically for visibly indicating the change from one' to the other of said fuels.

4.' In a. charge forming device for internal combustion engines, heating means for said device, a remotely located indicator and thermostatically operated means for controlling said indicator so as to indicate chan es in temperature of said device above and e.

low a predetermined oint.

5. In a charge formmg device for internal combustion engines, means for supplying the same with different liquid fuels and a thermostatically controlled switch for cutting in or out visible indicating means as the temperature of said device increases or decreases from a determined point.

6. In a charge forming device for internal comibustion engines, thermostatically' operated means for alternately supplymg the same with different fuels, means for heating' said device by exhaust gases and meansy for automatically controlling the suppl)r of exhaust gases to said device.

7. In a charge forming device for internal combustion engines, thermostatically operated means for automatically and alternately supplying the same with different fuels, means for heating said device by eX- haust gases and means for automatically controlling the supply of suchexhaust gases.

8. In a vcharge forming device for internal combustion engines, means including a thermostatic device for alternately supplying the same with different fuels, means for heating said device by exhaust gases and means dependent upon the pressure in the engine inlet manifold for controlling the supply of exhaust gases to said device.

9. In a charge forming device for internal combustion engines, thermostatically 'oper-- ated means for alternately supplying the samewith different fuels,'means or heating .said device by exhaust gases and means the operation of -Which is dependent upon the pressure in the engine inlet manifold for automatically controlling the supply 'of eX- haust gases to lsaid device.

10. A charge forming device for internal combustion engines having means including a thermostat for alternately supplying the same with different liquid fluids, characterized in that one element of the thermostat ing means.

12. In combination With a charge forming device for internal combustion engines, means for heating the same with exhaust gases, indicating means and means responsive to variations in the temperature of said device for controlling the operation of said indicating means.

13. In combination with a charge forming device ,forl internal combustion engines, means for heating the same, indicating means remotely located with reference to said Adevice and means responsive to variations of the temperature in said device for controlling the operation of said indicating means.

14. In a charge forming device for internal combustion engines, thermostatically operated means for alternately supplying the same with different fuels, a heating chamber for said device, a conduit for leading exhaust gases through said chamber, a conduit for ley-passing exhaust gases around said chamber, a, valve in said latter conduit, and means for controlling said valve.

In testimony whereof, We have hereunto subscribed our names this 5th day of June, 1918.

ALBERT SCHMID. LAWRENCE AUGUST MERK. 

